Supreme Court Pakistan 2026 SCMR 1063: Time-Bound Payment and Specific Performance of Sale Agreement

2026 scmr 1063 readiness and willingness


⚖️ معاہدہ بیع کی تکمیل کے لیے مقررہ وقت پر ادائیگی ضروری

📌 سپریم کورٹ کا اہم فیصلہ

سپریم کورٹ آف پاکستان نے 2026 SCMR 1063 میں قرار دیا کہ اگر معاہدہ بیع میں بقایا رقم کی ادائیگی کے لیے واضح تاریخ مقرر ہو تو خریدار کے لیے مقررہ وقت میں ادائیگی کرنا ضروری ہے۔ صرف زبانی آمادگی معاہدے کی تکمیل کے لیے کافی نہیں۔

🏛️ مقدمے کا مختصر پس منظر

خریداروں نے معاہدہ بیع کی تکمیل کے لیے دعویٰ دائر کیا، تاہم معاہدے کے مطابق بقایا رقم مقررہ وقت میں ادا نہیں کی گئی۔ مزید یہ کہ متعلقہ معاہدہ پہلے ہی مجاز عدالت کی جانب سے منسوخ کیا جا چکا تھا اور اس فیصلے کو مزید چیلنج نہیں کیا گیا تھا۔

⚖️ سپریم کورٹ کا فیصلہ

سپریم کورٹ نے قرار دیا کہ جب معاہدہ مجاز عدالت سے منسوخ ہو چکا ہو اور منسوخی حتمی ہو جائے تو اسی معاہدے کی بنیاد پر تکمیلِ معاہدہ کا حکم نہیں دیا جا سکتا۔

عدالت نے مزید قرار دیا کہ خریدار کو اپنی مسلسل آمادگی اور تیاری ثابت کرنا ہوتی ہے۔ مقررہ وقت میں رقم کی ادائیگی، پے آرڈر، بینک گارنٹی یا رقم الگ رکھنے جیسے قابلِ اعتماد شواہد اس سلسلے میں اہم ہو سکتے ہیں۔

💰 بیعانہ واپس کرنے کی ہدایت

سپریم کورٹ نے معاہدہ بیع کی تکمیل کا دعویٰ مسترد کرتے ہوئے خریداروں کو ادا شدہ بیعانہ واپس کرنے کی ہدایت کی۔

🔑 اہم قانونی اصول

🔹 معاہدے میں مقررہ تاریخ پر بقایا رقم ادا کرنا ضروری ہے۔
🔹 محض زبانی آمادگی مسلسل آمادگی کا ثبوت نہیں۔
🔹 خریدار کو اپنی مالی تیاری کا عملی ثبوت پیش کرنا چاہیے۔
🔹 حتمی طور پر منسوخ شدہ معاہدے کی تکمیل کا حکم نہیں دیا جا سکتا۔
🔹 معاہدے کی بنیادی شرائط کی خلاف ورزی مخصوص تکمیل کے دعوے کو متاثر کر سکتی ہے۔

📚 مقدمہ کا حوالہ

محمد عمران وغیرہ بنام اشفاق احمد

Must read judgment.

2026 S CMR 1063

[Supreme Court of Pakistan]

Present: Yahya Afridi, CJ and Shahid Bilal Hassan, J

MUHAMMAD IMRAN and others-Petitioners

Versus

ISHFAQ AHMED and others ---Respondents

C.PL.As. Nos. 3639, 3649 and 3650 of 2025, decided on 26th February, 2026.

(Against judgment and decree dated 23.01.2025 passed in R.S.A. No. 61616 of 2022 and C.R. No. 71979 of 2022 by Lahore High Court, Lahore).

(a) Specific Relief Act (1 of 1877)-

Ss. 12 & 39-Suit for specific performance of agreement to sell-Agreement already cancelled by Court of competent jurisdiction-Cancellation having attained No decree for specific performance sustainable Concurrent findings of facts three Courts elow---Suit filed by petitioner/plaintiff was dismissed by Trial Court and appeal preferred thereagainst was also dismissed by Lower Appellate Court-Second appeal filed before High Court met the same fate Validity Agreement sought to be specifically performed already been cancelled Court of competent jurisdiction on account non-payment of balance sale consideration stipulated time, in terms of contractual conditions-Such determination was not assailed further and further and had attained finality, therefore, no decree for specific performance could legally be sustained Supreme Court declined to interfere with the concurrent findings of all Courts below, which had properly examined the controversy in the light of evidence on record and the governing principles of law---Petition for leave to appeal was dismissed and leave to appeal was refused.

(b) Specific Relief Act (I of 1877)---

Ss. 12 & 39-Contract Act (IX of 1872), S.55-Specific performance of agreement to sell---Non-payment/render of halance sale consideration---Time as essence of contract-Continuous readiness and willingness not proved---Cancellation of agreement to sell---Earnest money directed to be returned---Suit filed by petitioner/vendor for cancellation of agreement to sell was dismissed by Courts below while respondents/vendees' suit for specific performance was decreed, challenge to Validity Agreement sought to be specifically performed stipulated that balance sale consideration was to be paid on or before the specified target date Such obligation was neither contingent nor deferred; it was a clear contractual undertaking forming the core reciprocal promise of the vendees--No tender of balance consideration was made within the stipulated period-There was no evidence of any contemporaneous attempt to secure the amount by way of pay order, bank guarantee, or any other demonstrable segregation of funds in favour of vendors---Supreme Court directed the petitioner/vendor to return earnest money paid under the agreements by respondents/vendees and suit for specific performance was dismissed---Appeal was allowed.

Messrs DW Pakistan (Private) Limited, Lahore v. Begum Anisa Fazl-I-Mahmood and others 2023 SCMR 555; Ijaz Ul Haq v. Mrs. Maroof Begum Ahmed and others PLD 2023 SC 653; Muhammad Yaqub v. Muhammad Nasrullah Khan and others PLD 1986 SC 497; Narinjan v. Muhammad Yunus AIR 1932 Lah. 265; Nazar Hussain and another v. Syed Iqhal Ahmad Qadri 2022 SCMR 1216; Inayatullah Khan v. Shabir Ahmad Khan 2021 SCMR 686; Muhammad Shafiq Ullah v. Allah Bakhsh 2021 SCMR 763; Mst. Samina Riffat v. Rohail Asghar 2021 SCMR 7; Hamood Mehmood v. Mst. Shabana Ishaque 2017 SCMR 2022: Kuwait ait National Real Estate Company (Pvt.) Ltd. v. Messrs Educational Excellence Ltd. 2020 SCMR 171; Mst. Noor Jehan and another v. Saleem Shahadat 2022 SCMR 918; Muhammad Yousaf v. Allah Ditto 2021 SCMR 1241; Fazal Ur Rehman v. Ahmed Saeed Mughal and others 2004 SCMR 436 and Muhammad Jamil v. Muhammad Arif 2021 SCMR 1108 rel.

Mudassar Khalid Abbasi, Advocate Supreme Court for Petitioners (in C.P. No. 3639 of 2025).

Ch. Muhammad Masood Jahangir, Advocate Supreme Court for Petitioners (in C.Ps. Nos. 3649 and 3650 of 2025).

Ch. Afrasiab Khan, Advocate Supreme Court for Respondents Nos. 3 and 4 (in C.P. No. 3639) and Respondents Nos. 1 and 2 (in

C.Ps. Nos. 3649 and 3650 of 2025).


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