Specific Performance Suit Dismissed for Failure to Prove Agreement to Sell | 2026 SCMR 1125


How to prove agreement to sell.

2026 SCMR 1125 — معاہدۂ بیع ثابت نہ ہونے پر تکمیلِ بیع کا دعویٰ ناکام

مقدمے کا مختصر پس منظر

مدعی نے 15 فروری 1993 کے مبینہ معاہدۂ بیع کی بنیاد پر جائیداد کی تکمیلِ بیع کے لیے دعویٰ دائر کیا۔ ابتدائی عدالت نے دعویٰ منظور کر لیا، تاہم اپیلی عدالت نے شہادت کا ازسرِنو جائزہ لے کر دعویٰ خارج کر دیا۔ ہائی کورٹ نے بھی اپیلی عدالت کا فیصلہ برقرار رکھا۔

سپریم کورٹ کا فیصلہ

سپریم کورٹ نے قرار دیا کہ مدعی مبینہ معاہدۂ بیع کے اجرا اور بیعانہ یا عوض کی ادائیگی ثابت کرنے میں ناکام رہا۔ ابتدائی عدالت نے دستیاب شہادت کو درست طور پر نہیں پرکھا، جبکہ اپیلی عدالت نے شہادت کا درست جائزہ لیا۔

دوسری اپیل کا دائرہ

سپریم کورٹ نے قرار دیا کہ دوسری اپیل میں حقائق سے متعلق ایسے نتائج میں مداخلت نہیں کی جا سکتی جو قانون اور دستیاب شہادت کے مطابق ہوں، جب تک کوئی اہم قانونی خرابی موجود نہ ہو۔

اہم قانونی اصول

اس فیصلے کا اہم اصول یہ ہے کہ تکمیلِ بیع کے دعوے میں صرف معاہدۂ بیع کا دعویٰ کافی نہیں؛ اس کے اجرا اور بیعانہ یا عوض کی ادائیگی کو بھی قابلِ اعتماد شہادت سے ثابت کرنا ضروری ہے۔

حتمی فیصلہ

سپریم کورٹ نے ہائی کورٹ اور اپیلی عدالت کے فیصلوں میں مداخلت سے انکار کرتے ہوئے اپیل کی اجازت کی درخواست مسترد کر دی۔

Must read judgment.

2026 S CMR 1125

[Supreme Court of Pakistan]

Present: Naeem Akhter Afghan and Shahid Bilal Hassan, JJ

Malik LIAQUAT ALI (decd.) through L.Rs. -Petitioner

Versus

Mst. SHARIFAN BEGUM (decd.) through L.Rs. and others -Respondents

C.P.L.A. No. 1424-L. of 2015, decided on 12th December, 2025.

(Against the judgment dated 11.05.2015 passed by Lahore High Court, Lahore in R.S.A. No. 95 of 2007).

Specific Relief Act (I of 1877)---

5.12-Civil Procedure Code (V of 1908), S.100 Suit for specific performance of agreement to sell-Second appeal-Scope Judgment at variance with evidence---Effect-Suit filed by the predecessor-in-interest of the petitioners/plaintiffs seeking specific performance of agreement to sell was decreed in their favour, but the Lower Appellate Court reversed the findings and dismissed the suit---High Court, in exercise of second appellate jurisdiction, maintained the judgment passed by the Lower Appellate Court Validity-Predecessor-in-interest of the petitioners/plaintiffs failed to prove execution of the unilateral agreement dated 15-02-1993 as well as payment of earnest money/consideration---While decreeing the suit in favour of the predecessor-in-interest of the petitioners/plaintiffs, the Trial Court misread and misappreciated the evidence available on record-After re-evaluating/properly appreciating the evidence available on record, the Lower Appellate Court had rightly dismissed the suit of the predecessor-in-interest of the petitioners/plaintiffs---Judgment and decree passed by the Lower Appellate Court were neither contrary to law nor suffered from any substantial error or defect in procedure-Findings of fact recorded by the Lower Appellate Court against the predecessor-in-interest of the petitioners/plaintiffs were in accordance with law and evidence available on record and were immune from interference by the second appellate Court in exercise of jurisdiction under Section 100, C.P.C. Supreme Court declined to interfere in the judgments passed by the Lower Appellate Court and High Court the same did not suffer from any illegality.-Petition for leave to appeal was dismissed and leave was refused.

Farzand Ali v. Khuda Bux PLID 2015 SC 187; Muhammad Sattar v. Tariq Javed 2017 SCMR 98; Bahar Shah v. Manzoor Ahmed 2022 SCMR 284; Muzaffar Iqbal v. Riffat Parveen 2023 SCMR 1652; Mir Gul v. Zafar Mehmood 2024 SCMR 1496; Anwar ud Din v. Raza Haider PLD 2025 SC 31 and Muhammad Azam v. Muhammad Aijaz PLD 2025 SC 567 rel.

Malik Noor Muhammad Awan, Advocate Supreme Court for Petitioner.

Malik Amjad Pervaiz, Advocate Supreme Court for Respondents Nos. 1(i, illi, iv).

Other Respondents: Ex-parte.


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