Possession Dispute, Declaration & Injunction, Revenue Reports, Abadi Deh Land Verification
قبضہ چھڑوانے کے دعوے میں Declaration اور Injunction: 2025 CLC 439 کا تجزیہ
پس منظر
مدعی محمد اشفاق نے مدعا علیہ صابر حسین کے خلاف زمین پر قبضہ چھڑوانے کے لیے عدالت سے Declaration اور Injunction کی درخواست کی۔ ٹرائل کورٹ نے ریونیو افسران کی رپورٹ اور سیکشن 145 Cr.P.C. کے تحت تیار شدہ رپورٹس کی بنیاد پر فیصلہ مدعی کے حق میں دیا۔ مدعا علیہ نے اپیل کی کہ مقامی کمیشن کی رپورٹ کو نظرانداز کیا گیا، لیکن عدالت نے کہا کہ ریونیو رپورٹس قانونی اور معتبر ہیں اور مدعا علیہ نے ان پر کوئی اعتراض نہیں کیا۔
ہائی کورٹ کے اہم فیصلے
1. ہائی کورٹ نے قرار دیا کہ مدعی کے قبضہ کا دعویٰ جائز ہے اور ٹرائل کورٹ نے ریونیو رپورٹس کو درست طور پر مدنظر رکھا۔
2. ہائی کورٹ نے قرار دیا کہ ریونیو رپورٹس قانونی حیثیت رکھتی ہیں اور مدعا علیہ کے اعتراض کے باوجود فیصلہ برقرار ہے۔
3. ہائی کورٹ نے قرار دیا کہ Abadi Deh میں زمین کی فروخت، gift یا mutation کے لیے قبضہ کی تصدیق لازمی ہے۔
4. ہائی کورٹ نے قرار دیا کہ زمین کی فروخت یا gift کے لیے Physical Inspection اور vendor و purchaser کی تصاویر لازمی ہیں تاکہ مستقبل میں جھوٹے دعووں یا فراڈ سے بچا جا سکے۔
5. ہائی کورٹ نے قرار دیا کہ Registrar، Joint Sub-Registrar، Tehsildar یا Revenue Officer صرف قبضے کی تصدیق کے بعد sale deed یا gift deed رجسٹر کریں، اور غیر تعمیل کی صورت میں محکمانہ کارروائی ہو سکتی ہے۔
قانونی اصول
Specific Relief Act, 1877 (Ss. 42 & 54): قبضہ کی تصدیق کے بغیر declaration اور injunction کا دعویٰ منظور نہیں ہو سکتا۔
Land Revenue Act, 1967 (S. 3): Abadi Deh کی نوٹیفکیشن اور قبضے کی فزیکل تصدیق لازمی۔
Cr.P.C. S. 145: ریونیو افسران کی رپورٹ عدالتی کارروائی میں معتبر ثبوت سمجھی جائے۔
Judicial Notice: کسی چیز کو بغیر ثبوت تسلیم کرنا۔
نتیجہ
عدالت نے ٹرائل کورٹ کے فیصلے میں کوئی غلطی نہیں پائی اور اپیل مسترد کر دی۔ یہ فیصلہ واضح کرتا ہے کہ قبضے کی تصدیق، فزیکل انسپیکشن اور تصاویر کے بغیر زمین کی فروخت یا gift deed رجسٹر نہیں ہو سکتی، اور غیر تعمیل کرنے والے افسران کے خلاف محکمانہ کارروائی ممکن ہے۔
Must read Judgement
2025 C L C 439
[Islamabad]
Before Mohsin Akhtar Kayani, J
SABIR HUSSAIN ---Appellant
Versus
MUHAMMAD ASHFAQ ---Respondent
R.F.A. No. 176 of 2021, decided on 6th February, 2024.
(a) Specific Relief Act (I of 1877)---
----Ss. 42 & 54---Land Revenue Act (XVII of 1967), S. 3---Criminal Procedure Code (V of 1898), S.145---Suit for declaration and injunction---Possession, determining of---Proof---Instructions to revenue authorities---Suit filed by respondent/plaintiff was decreed in his favour by Trial Court relying upon report prepared by revenue officials during proceedings under S. 145 Cr.P.C.---Plea raised by appellant/defendant was that Trial Court did not consider report of Local Commission instead relied upon reports submitted by revenue officials in proceedings which were consigned to record without any decision---Validity---Revenue reports were issued on the direction of lawful authorities in proceedings under S. 145 Cr.P.C. which were judicial proceedings---Reports in question were not objected to by appellant/defendant during the course of their submission---Trial Court had rightly observed authenticity of reports in question---Land of appellant / defendant was far away from land of respondent/plaintiff---High Court directed that before issuance of any periodical record of rights for the purpose of sale (فرد بیع), Halqa Patwari should ask vendor/owner regarding possession of property and record such aspect in daily diary while incorporating mutation in register; that Halqa Patwari should verify possession of property and prepare a report confirming actual possession by inspecting or through Girdawariگرداوری) ), that Revenue officers/Tehsildar at the time of sanctioning mutation should ensure delivery of possession Jalsa-e-Aam (جلسہ عام) based upon report prepared by Halqa Patwari; that at the time of sanctioning mutation if land fell within the Abadi Deh (آبادی دیہہ), Collector/Revenue officer was under legal obligation to requisition a report of physical inspection from subordinate revenue officials including Qanungo, Naib Tehsildar, Halqa Patwari, etc. and should refer to the surrounding (محل وقوع) containing description of plot or land; that Board of Revenue/Chief Commissioner ICT, Collector/Deputy Commissioner were under legal obligation to notify Abadi Deh ( آبادی دیہہ) through notifications under S. 3 of Land Revenue Act, 1967 in each Mouza and in case, such notification was not issued, then they should give certificate subject to verification through a circular directing subordinate officials, Registrar, Joint Sub-Registraretc. to refer the land in Abadi Deh (آبادی دیہہ) to avoid future litigation; that no Registrar, Joint Sub-Registrar were authorized to register any sale deed of land meant for construction of house or built up property unless a physical verification with reference to possession through inquiry had been made and duly recorded in the record and till such time sale deeds should be kept pending for their authorized execution; that Registrar, Joint Sub-Registrar or Revenue Officer or Tehsildar could issue local commission through any official for verification of possession of property in Abadi Deh (آبادی دیہہ) before sanctioning any mutation or sale deed; that Registrar, Joint Sub-Registrar, Tehsildar or Revenue Officer, who issue direction for verification/inspection of land under transfer, must maintain a separate register in sequence to maintain reports in their office as public record, which must be used for any purpose required under the law in any trial proceedings inquiries, etc; that Chief Commissioner shall issue such instructions through circular to his subordinate officials and non-compliance of such directions would render departmental action against the officials; that such circulars must contain timeline of inspection report, Local Commission report for verification of possession on site of any land which must be received before Register or Revenue Officer within period of seven days by all means so that general public should not be deprived from their transfer of immovable property rights; that Chief Commissioner shall call joint survey before issuance of notification under S. 3 of Land Revenue Act, 1967 from office of Surveyor General of Pakistan and could use modern devices, including but not limited to Google mapping, coordinates in land, and if possible, could also pass a direction to notify the coordinates i.e. longitude and latitude of any property or any particular point of reference for the purpose of identification of land in sale deeds---High Court further directed Chief Commissioner to also issue necessary directions to MCI, Administrator or Mayor of Local Government to issue identification number to Abadi Deh (آبادی دیہہ), which could be used in sale deed, gifted, etc. in future; that once notification under S. 3 of Land Revenue Act, 1967 was issued declaring Abadi Deh (آبادی دیہہ) and survey numbers were marked the Halqa Patwari should not record any mutation, rather, only sale deed, gift deed, etc. used as mode of transfer of immovable property---High Court also directed that sale deed must contain photographic evidence of vendor, vendee, seller, purchaser as the case may be along with witnesses, to avoid any untoward claim of fraud in future---High Court declined to interfere in judgment and decree passed by Trial Court as principle of preponderance was rightly applied and no illegality was committed in appreciation of record---Appellant/defendant failed to justify his case when he did not produce any evidence to rebut claim of respondent/plaintiff, except his own testimony which was insufficient qua the technical reports---Appeal was dismissed, in circumstances.
Mst. Zainab v. Muhammad Iqbal 2005 YLR 2129; Saeed Ahmed v. Haji Abdul Hameed 2017 CLC Note 184 and Muhammad Imran v. Ghulam Mustafa and 6 others 2015 YLR 2683 rel.
(b) Words and phrases---
----Judicial notice---Connotation---Term "judicial notice" means expression which has been recognized without proving of something as existing or being true.
Muhammad Sajjad Abbasi for Appellant.
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